Service Security Capabilities of Istio

In this chapter, you will learn how to secure your microservices using Istio’s service security capabilities, including access control, identity verification, and mutual TLS.

Access Control 🔗

You will start by denying all traffic.

apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: AuthorizationPolicy
metadata:
  name: deny-all
  namespace: default
spec: {}

And then begin poking holes in your service mesh “firewall”. 🔗

---
apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "AuthorizationPolicy"
metadata:
  name: "allow-get"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: httpbin
  rules:
    - to:
        - operation:
            methods: ["GET"]

Create AuthorizationPolicy for each BookInfo service. 🔗

---
apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "AuthorizationPolicy"
metadata:
  name: "view-productpage"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: productpage
  rules:
    - to:
        - operation:
            methods: ["GET", "POST"] # try login with just GET (fails)
---
apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "AuthorizationPolicy"
metadata:
  name: "view-details"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: details
  rules:
    - from:
        - source:
            principals: ["cluster.local/ns/default/sa/bookinfo-productpage"]
      to:
        - operation:
            methods: ["GET", "POST"]
---
apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "AuthorizationPolicy"
metadata:
  name: "view-reviews"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: reviews
  rules:
    - from:
        - source:
            principals: ["cluster.local/ns/default/sa/bookinfo-productpage"]
      to:
        - operation:
            methods: ["GET", "POST"]
---
apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "AuthorizationPolicy"
metadata:
  name: "view-ratings"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: ratings
  rules:
    - from:
        - source:
            principals: ["cluster.local/ns/default/sa/bookinfo-reviews"]
      to:
        - operation:
            methods: ["GET", "POST"]

Allow per user access 🔗

---
apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "AuthorizationPolicy"
metadata:
  name: "view-reviews"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: reviews
  rules:
    - from:
        - source:
            principals: ["cluster.local/ns/default/sa/bookinfo-productpage"]
      to:
        - operation:
            methods: ["GET"]
      when:
        - key: request.headers[end-user]
          values: ["naruto"]

Reset BookInfo Subsets (reset destination rules) 🔗

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: productpage
spec:
  host: productpage
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: reviews
spec:
  host: reviews
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
    - name: v2
      labels:
        version: v2
    - name: v3
      labels:
        version: v3
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: ratings
spec:
  host: ratings
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
    - name: v2
      labels:
        version: v2
    - name: v2-mysql
      labels:
        version: v2-mysql
    - name: v2-mysql-vm
      labels:
        version: v2-mysql-vm
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: details
spec:
  host: details
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
    - name: v2
      labels:
        version: v2
---

Identity Verification 🔗

Note: this lab uses the sample application HTTPbin.

Using Meshery, deploy the HTTPbin sample application.

Add Claims 🔗

apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: AuthorizationPolicy
metadata:
  name: require-jwt
  namespace: foo
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: httpbin
  action: ALLOW
  rules:
    - from:
        - source:
            requestPrincipals: ["testing@secure.istio.io/testing@secure.istio.io"]
      when:
        - key: request.auth.claims[groups]
          values: ["group1"]

Def 🔗

apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "RequestAuthentication"
metadata:
  name: "jwt"
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: httpbin
  jwtRules:
    - issuer: "testing@secure.istio.io"
      jwksUri: "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/istio/istio/release-1.7/security/tools/jwt/samples/jwks.json"

Mutual TLS 🔗

Using Meshery, you can change mTLS enforcement for a namespace.

To configure mTLS on more selective level, you can change and apply this configuration:

apiVersion: "security.istio.io/v1beta1"
kind: "PeerAuthentication"
metadata:
  name: "default"
  namespace: "istio-system"
spec:
  # selector:
  #   matchLabels:
  #     app: httpbin
  mtls:
    mode: STRICT #ISTIO_MUTUAL,DISABLE
  # portLevelMtls:
  #   80:
  #     mode: DISABLE